Metabolic syndrome is a term used to describe a group of risk factors which are closely associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. In fact, it has been suggested that metabolic syndrome is an early form of cardiovascular disease. Approximately 24% of the adult population has metabolic syndrome, the incidence of this increases with age.  Although there is a genetic predisposition to developing metabolic syndrome, environmental factors, such as too many calories and not enough physical activity, are the primary cause of this condition.  Metabolic syndrome is completely preventable and responds very well to lifestyle changes, such as proper food intake and physical activity.

The diagnosis of metabolic syndrome is made when three (3) of the following risk factors are present:

• Abdominal obesity (waist > 40 inches for a male; waist > 35 inches for a female)*
• Elevated triglycerides (> 150)*
• HDL-cholesterol  < 40 (male); < 50 (female)*
• Blood pressure (> 130/80 or being treated for high blood pressure)*
• Fasting blood glucose (> 100 mg/dl) **

Treatment of metabolic syndrome is directed at reducing the risk factors.  Usually, this will mean making changes in your lifestyle. If overweight, you will need to decrease your caloric intake. Did you know that by simply cutting 100 calories from the total number of calories you eat daily, you can loose 10 pounds in a year! You might be referred to a dietician for assistance with dietary changes and weight reduction.

One of the best ways to lose weight and improve the health of your heart is by increasing your physical activity.  Choose an activity that you enjoy, such as walking, biking or swimming.  The goal of physical activity is to gradually accumulate 30-45 minutes a day on most, if not all, days of the week of moderately intense activity.  A good source for information about exercise is www.americanheart.com.  Always check with your physician or nurse before starting any exercise program.

Achieving and maintaining proper weight along with daily exercise will not only give you more energy, but also help to lower your triglyceride and blood glucose level, increase your “good” cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and lower your blood pressure. 

 The good news is that metabolic syndrome responds very well to dietary changes and exercise.  These simple changes in your lifestyle can go a long way in helping you optimize the health of your heart.